Machine for making shoes or covers for pneumatic tires



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efe. MOORE. MACHINE POR MAKING SHOES 0R COVERS IOR PNEUMATIG TIRES. 110.518,112.

Patented Apr. 10, 1894.

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' G. C. MOORE. MACHINE P011 MAKING SHOES 011 Gowns FOR PNBUMATIG TIRES.

No. 518,112. Patented Apr. 10j, 1894.

f tails of the shell.

Nrisn l ,STATES .PATENT Orr-ics..

GEORGE C. MOORE, OF EASTHAMPTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE FORMAKING SHOES 0R COVERS FOR PNEuMATlc TIRES.'

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.. 518,112, dated April 10, 1894 .Application filed December 5,1893. Serial No. 492.828. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern:

Be'it known that`I, GEORGE C. MOORE', a citizen 0f the United States, residing at Easthampton, in the county of Hampshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful `Improvements in Machines for Making Shoes or Covers for Pneumatic Tires, of which ythe following is a -specificatures thereof will be particularly pointed out and distinctively defined in theclaims at the close of this specification.l

The accompanying drawings. show the best form of my machine which I have yet de vised, but it is to be understood that various changes may be made therein without departure from lthe spirit of my invention.l

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a View of vmy machine mainly in central longitudinal section. line 2 2 Fig. 1, looking toward the left in the latter figure, the shell being removed from the expanding former. Fig. 3 is aview in side elevation of the shell. Fig. 4 is a view of the shell in vertical section on line 4--4 Fig. 3,1ooking toward the left in the latter figure. Figs. 5 and 6 are views showing de- Fig. 7 is a viewv indicating the character of the lining fabric that I may use.

The illustrated form of my machine is .constrnoted as follows:

At 1 is the frame supporting the main part of the said machine. The said frame has an upwardly extending portion 2 to the' opposite sides of. which are bolted boxes 3, 3, which are formed or provided with bearings for the horizontal shaft 4. On this shaft 4 between the boxes 3, 3, there are mounted collars 5, 5, which are secured in place on the shaftby clamping screws 6, (i, and serve by rotating in contact with the inner faces oi the boxes Fig. 2 is a view in vertical section on Vshaft etV in the desired direction. `of the shaftt opposite that on which the band '3, 3, to prevent movement of the shaft lengthwise in either direction. Any other approved means of preventing endwise-mov'ement of the shaft may be employed, if desired. 0n ene end of the said shaft are mounted four band pulleys 7, 8, 9, l0, two of which, namely those marked'8 and 10 are loose upon the shaft,

and free to turn thereon, while the remaining two pulleys, namely those marked 7 and 9 are 4fast on the said shaft, being secured thereto by clamping screws 11, or any other suitable means. To these pulleys'are applied the drv ing bands 12 and 13, the band l2 being crossed, while the band 13 is straight or uncrossed. The crossed band passes through a loop 14. on. the'sliding shipper bar 15, which is supported and moves in guides 16,16 on the frame work,

.and is held normally in the position which retalus the said crossed band 'onc the loose or idle pulley by means of a spring 17,l one end of which is connected with the said shipper bar, while the other end thereof is connected with the said frame work. The straight or u'ncrossed band 13 passes through a loop 18 on the second shipper bar 19, which is mountedin guides 20, 20, on the said frame work with `capacity to move'endwise therethrough, said .with or engaged by a second treadle or foot lever 23. By the pressure of the foot of the operator upon either of these .treadles or foot levers, the correspondingfshipper bar may be drawn endwise in opposition to the action of the spring con nectedthereto to shift the driving band which is controlled thereby from the loose or idle pulley around which it passes normally, onto. the adjacent fast pulley, in order thereby toV occasion theturning of the To the end pulleys aforesaid are mounted is applied the head or hub 24. rPhe said head or huh has a tapering chamber 25 formed therein and er.'1

tending throughout substantially the of the head or hub, and is xed or secured at its inner end to the shaft 4, as by means .of

clamping screws 26, 26, passing through the said inner end and taking bearing by their points againstthe surface ot the shaft 4. The end of the shaft 4 projects to the outer end of the head or hub..24, and on the disk at the outer end ot' the said head or hub radial squared arms 27, 27 are mounted to slide to`` lo ward and from the center of the said head or z'o and segments are drawn toward the center of the head or huh, and ot the'shaft, by means of springs 31, 31A which are connected at their outer ends to either thesegments as shown, or to the arms, andat ther inner ends are con- 5 nected to some fixed Ipart of the head or hub.

The segments 30, together constitute an expansible ringfshap'ed former, and the action of the springs is to draw the parts toward the center and contract' it into the smallest di- 3o mansions.

At 32 is shown a tapering or coneshaped block fitted to pass intothe interior of the head or hub 24, the said block or cone having a central opening or' hole 33 therethrough 35 which, throughout at least the greater portion of its length, is of dimensions suitable to re-` v ceive the end of the shaft 4,jouto which the said block or coneis intended to he passed. When the said block or cone is passed into 4o the interior of the header hub the inner ends of the arms will be held in contact withV the outer surface v"thereof byvmeans ot the springs 31, 31. Said block or cone constitutes an expander, and isl intended to be moved gradually into the hub so as to force the arms arid segments outwardly to increase the diameter and circumference of the ex., pansible former, or be withdrawn so as to permit said arms and segments to be movedl iu- 5o Ward toward the center under the action of threaded tn t the screw or threaded rod 34.l

the springs 31, 3l, in a manner to contract the diameter and circumference ot' the said expansible former. At its outer end the hole or passage 33 through the block or cone is yThe said screw or threaded rod is helda bygone end thereowhich is not threaded, in a standr 35'Which is provided with a bearing ifor the reception of the said end. In the said end 6o. there is formed a longitudinal groove fit1, and,

also, at the innerendof the saidlonzgitudinal groove, an annular groove 37, with which the said longitudinal groove 36 comm uuicates. -A

clamping screw {iS-having a hand-wheel'f), or:

suitable handle, atits outer end is fitted to a threaded -hole in the said stand,and lts inner endenters the annular groove 37 and longiends are loosely mounted or joined to an elevated support. The .saidsupport 41 has projectingtherefrom a staple or half-ring 42 and eachof the levers40 has projecting from its rear end an. eye 43 which is fitted onto the said staple. The described mode of connecting the levers with their support enables the said levers to be moved freely up and down as required, and to be slid laterally' as may be desired in order to bring the required one thereof over the Workingv point on the ex pansible former. implements is mounted on `the said levers, one roller or the like to each lever, they being employedr in the operations by which a tire is produced. The roller marked 44 is composed ot' a central shaft 45 and has an ai rtight cylindrical casing 46 surrounding the said shaft except at' the ends thereof, the' said casing being filled-with air and constituting what may be termed 'a pneumatic roll. The roller marked .47 is of wood, while 'the thin or disk-like roller 48 is of metal.

At 49, see Fig. 3, is shown .a shell consti-l tuted by a ring of sheet metal which is severed or split at one point. This shell is inu tended to have the lining applied thereto, and is-shap'ed properly in cross section. The shell shown inthe drawings has an intermediate or middle curved portion or body 50 which, in cross section, may bemade as part of-a circle, and on each side thereof there4 is a curved wing 5l. The shell is showmmade of`this shape in cross section in order to con'- form to the special form o t lining fabric which is represented-in thedrawings, although it may be of any other desired and approved shape. Thesaid illustrated lining fabric is woven with the middle or body part `531 and the Wings 53, 53 on opposite sides thereof. At the meeting ends of the shell the said wingsl 51,

51,tl1ereof are formed with inwardly extend ing projections 54, 541. These projections 54, 541, are perforated as at 5G. To the projections marked 54 are applied catches 57, each consisting of a piece of spring wire, which is secured at one end to -the lateral face ofy the corresponding.projection, and has 'the` other end bent. to form a pin, which projects through the hole in the said projection, and is intended to pass into the similar hole in the opposite projection when the two 'projections are brought into the position which is shown in Fig. 3.

In making a shoe or cover for apneumatic tire,` I firent-alie the shell and place it on the expanding former constituted by the vsegments. Prior to thus 'applying the shell to the expanding former, the latter has been caused to contract'to its smallest dimensions by effecting, in a manner which will be made to appeal' more clearly hereinafter, the withdrawal of the expanding device ctnstituted by the block or cone.

'A series of rollers or other When thus applied,

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the ends of the shell overlap each other to some extent. A piece of lining fabric or material having been made into the form of an endless ring by means of cement or sewing is then put on the shell. Next,-the screw or threaded rod and cone are advanced together by hand, or otherwise, as may be provided for, until the forward or small end of the cone has passed over the proximate end of the shaft, and the groove 324 in the interior of the cone has received the spline 432 on the said shaft. To permit the parts thus to be advanced, the clamping screw must first be turned slightly so as to relieve its pressure uponthe screw or threaded rod 34 and leave the latter free to be moved endwise through the bearing provided therefor. As the said screw or threaded rod is thus moved the end of the clamping screw enters the longitudinal groove 36,andwhilethe said end remains in the said longitudinal groove the screw or threaded rod is held from rotating, althoughremaining free to move endwise. The forward end of the expander cone having been introduced within the series of radial arms and engaged with the end of the shaft, the said clamping screw is turned to cause its inner end to bear with slight pressure against the bottom of the longitudinal groove in the screw or threaded rod in order to hold the latter from moving endwiseuntil the force tending to occasion such movement. exceeds the holding power of the screw. So long as the inner end of the said screw remains in the said longitudinal groove the screw or threaded rod will be prevented from rotating. By pressure of the foot applied to the treadle or lever 22 the shipper l5 is moved in a direction to shift the crossed belt onto the fast pulley 7. This causes the shaft 4 to be revolved in one direction, it carryingaround with ,it not only the head or hub, and the expanding former carried thereby, but the expander cone. As the latter rotates in unison with the shaft and turns lupon the non-rotating screw or threaded rod, yits engagement with the threadof the latter causes the expander cone to be moved endwise into the chamber 25 of the head or hub 24,-its tapering exterior acting to force outward gradually the arms 27 and the segments, thereby expanding the expansible former and the shell which surrounds the latter so as to stretch tightly the endless ring of lining material or fabric which has been applied to the said shell. When the advancing end of the expander cone comes into contact with the stop constituted by the inner end of the chamber Within the head or hub its forward movement is brought to an end, the-expansion of the former and parts applied thereto having been effected to the desired extent, and thereafter, inasmuch as the cone cannot advance, it presses rearwardly the screw or threaded rod 34, overcoming the friction of the clamping screw, the inner end of the clamping screw sliding in the longitudinal groove until `the annular groove is presented against each other as indicated in Fig. 3.

When in this position the spring-catches 57, 57, which are now permit-ted to pass through the holes 56 in all of the said projections, serve to prevent the ends of the shell from slipping or moving sidewise on each other. While the parts continue to rotate, the cement is applied to the surface of the lining material or fabric and distributed uniformly by .means of the roll 701, a suitable scraping knife being rst applied, if desired. -The cement employed consists of rubber and naphtha, mixed sometimes with a small proportion of benzine.y The said roll has cylindrical portions for working upon the raised portions of the lining and a narrow raised portion for entering the depressions or angles. If desired a non-extensible-twine or yarn, or suitable wire may now be wound on the lining at each side of the middle portion. 'lhen the shell is removed and placed in a dry-room to partly dry the lining and thereby create the desired adhesive condition of the cement.

The removal of the shell is effected as fol` lows: The distribution of the cement having been eected, the pressure upon the treadle or foot lever 22 is released and the spring 17 is permitted to move the shipper barl in the reverse direction and carry the crossed belt from the fast pulley 7 t0 the loose pulley 8. The clamping screw is now turned down a little tighter against the screw or threaded rod and the treadle or foot lever 23 is pressed upon so as to move the shipper bar 19 in a manner to transfer the straight or uncrossed belt from the loose pulley l0 onto the fast pulley 9. This will rotate the shaft and parts moving in unison therewith in a direction which is the opposite of that in which they before were moved, and will thus cause the expander cone to move in the reverse direction along the stationary screw or threaded rod and thus gradually ywithdraw it from the interior of the head or hub. As the expander cone is withdrawn the arms or segments will be moved inward gradually so as to contract the expansible former. When the rotation of the parts has been continued long enough to disengage the expander .cone from the end of the shaft, the pressure upon the treadle or foot lever 23 is released and the hand13 is permit-ted to pass onto the loose pulley 10. Then the clamping screw is turned out so as to withdraw its end from the annular groove of the screw'or threaded rod 34, and

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...machina as to leave a free space between the end of the shaft and the side `of the expansible former sufficient to permit the shell to pass therethrough in being taken away from the The shell, which remains of the full size to which it-was expanded, is now removed and taken away from the expansible former, and is set aside in a dry-room until the rubber has set set upon the lining fabric] or material, after which the shell is applied again to the expansible former and the succeeding operation in the manufacture of the shoe or cover is performed. In the case of the lining fabric shown in the drawings it is intended to apply the shell having such a lining fabric thereon to the expansible former two more times in succession. The second time it is thus applied, which is after the cement has set as above noted, the wings of the lining are turned down onto the intermediate or middle portion to form the tread, the rolls 47 48, being successively brought into action, smoothing and stretching the said wings into proper position and condition, the narrow roller working into the angles of the shell. Then the pneumatic roller 44 is brought into action to even up the lining and expel air from between the layers. Another coating of cement is applied to the surface Aandthe shell is removed and again placed in the dry-room to allow such coating to set. After the said coating has set, the shell is for` the third time placed on the expansiblerformer for the purpose of having the rubber covering put on, the latter being composed usually of sheet rubber. The pneumatic rolleris used on the rubber covering to expel air and work the same into proper place and position. It is not intended to remove the lining fabric or lining from the shell after having been applied thereto, until the same is nished and thoroughly set.

The twine, yarn or wire which is inclosed between the layers at the lines of the folds serve to give strength and to form beads or ridges as customary in bicycle tires.

The felt covered roll 702 is used in spreading and working the dierent coatings of cement. Mounting the different rollers upon different levers as shown enables the desired one to be forced readily with the desired degree of pressure against the lining carried by the shell and mounted'upon and rotating with` the expansible former. I have shown the levers as normally raised out of the way by means of weights 703, the latter being attached to the ends of the cords 704 which pass around rollers 705, suitably mounted in an elevated position, said cords being attached at their opposite ends to the respective levers. By means of the said weights and cords the 1evers normally are held lifted but any one of them may be grasped and easily brought down in position to present its roller to the lining on the shell. In consequence of being movable freely laterally ,the levers may be swung laterally to bring the desired one with its particular roller over the rotating former.

-I claim as my invention- 1. The combination of an expansible shell constituting a holder and support for the lining or foundation, with an expansible former to which the said shell is applied, means for supporting and rotating the said former, and means whereby the said former is expanded to also expand the said shell and stretch the lining or foundation applied thereto, substantially as described.

2. The combination of an expansible shell constituting a holder and support for the 1ining or foundation, and a catch for retaining the parts of the same in proper position when expanded, with an expansible former to which the said shell is applied, means for supportvon said lining or foundation while applied to and rotatingwith the said holder and support, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a holder or support for receiving and holding distended the lining or foundation, and means for supporting and rotating the same, of a pneumatic roll for operating on said lining or foundation'while` applied to and rotating with the said holder and support, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a driving shaft,- means for rotating the same in either direction as desired, an expansible former rotating with said shaft, an expander constructed to be engaged and rotated in unison with the said shaft and former when placed in operative connection with the ,saidformen and a screw operating to feed the expander when the latter is rotated, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a'driving shaft, means for rotating the same in either direction asv'desired, an expansible former rotating with said shaft, au expander cone engaged by the said shaft, when said cone is placed in operative position, and thereby made to rotate with the said shaft and former, a feed screw engaging with the said cone and serving to move the latter endwise as required in varying the dimensions of the said former, and means for holding the said screw from rotation while the cone is feedingendwise in either direction, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a driving shaft, means for rotating the same in either direction as desired, an expansible former rotating with said shaft, an expander cone engaged by the said shaft, when the said cone is placed ICO in operative position, and thereby made to rotate. with the said shaft and former, a feed screw engaging with the s'aid cone and serving to move the latter endwise asrequiredin varying the dimensions of the said former, the said screw having a longitudinal groove and a communicating annular groove, substantially as described, a support for the outer end of the said screw, and a locking screw adapted to enter said grooves, substantially as described and for the purposes set forth.

8. The combination with a rotating support or holder for the lining or foundation, of a 

